2018年宁波大学翻译与汉语考研真题861.doc0页

2018年宁波大学翻译与汉语考研真题861.doc宁波大学 2018 年硕 士 研 究 生 招 生考 试 初 试 试 题(A 卷) ( 答案必须写在考点提供的答 题纸上) 第 1 页 共 2 页 科目代码： 861 总分 值： 150 科目名称： 翻译与汉语 Part I Translation (100 points) Direction: This part consists of three passages. Translate Passage 1 from English into Chinese and Passages 2 and 3 from Chinese into English. Passage 1: English- Chinese Translation. (50 points) The Victorians, realizing that the greatest Happiness accorded to man is that provided by a happy marriage, endeavoured to pretend that all their marriages were happy. We, for our part, admitting the fact that no feat of intelligence and character is so exacting as that required of two people who desire to live permanently together on a basis of amity, are obsessed by the problem of how to render the basic facts of cohabitation simpler and more reasonable, in order that unhappy marriages may less frequently result. The Victorians would have considered it 'painful' or 'unpleasant' were one to point out that only four marriages out of every ten are anything but forced servitudes. We ourselves start from this very assumption and try to build from it a theory of more sensible relations between the sexes. Of all forms of arrant untruthfulness Victorian optimism appears to me to have been the most cowardly and the most damaging. Truth, therefore, is an attitude of the mind. It is important, if one does not wish to inconvenience and to bore one's friends, not to tell lies. But it is more important not to think lies, or to slide into those mechanical and untruthful habits of thought which are so pleasant and so easy as descents to mental ineptitude. The Victorian habit of mind (which I consider to have been a bad habit of mind) was unduly preoccupied by what was socially and morally convenient. Convenience is, however, in all affairs of life, an execrable test of value. One should have the courage to think uncomfortably, since it is only by rejecting the convenient that one can come to think the truth. Not, after all, that there is any such thing as truth. At best we can approach to some relative approximation. On the other hand, there is surely such a thing as untruth. One is generally aware when one has said something, or acted in some way which has left on other people an impression not strictly in accordance with the facts. One is generally aware, also, when one has thrust aside an inconvenient thought and slid into its place another thought which is convenient. One's awareness in the former case is in general more acute than in the latter, since we are more on the look-out for the lies we utter than for those we merely think. In fact, however, it is the untruthful thought which is the more vicious of the two. Spoken lies are invariably tiresome and may actually be dishonest. But continuous lying in the mind, a disease to which the Anglo-Saxon is peculiarly exposed, spells the destruction of human thought and character. Passage 2: Chinese - English Translation. (20 points) 亚洲供 应链 日渐 发展 ，而 且不少 后起 发展 国家 亦跟 随中国 步伐 ，逐 步建 立现 代化生 产基 地 ， 希望促 进经 济发 展 ， 同 时 提升人 民收 入水 平 。 亚 洲 不少新 发展 地区 的生 产成 本相对 偏低 ， 部分 更 拥有充 足的 工业 用地 和劳 动力供 应 ， 遂 成为 亚洲 以至 全球生 产企 业及 相关 投资 者考虑 转移 生产 的 新兴目 的地 ， 以及 采购 原 材料和 工业 物料 的新 来源 地。 有关 发展 除了 吸引 欧 、 美 、 日 、 韩 等企 业 的目光 外， 亦同 时受 到中 国内地 企业 注意 。中 国经 过 30 年快 速发 展后 ，投 资 环境正 逐渐 改变 ， 内地企 业亟 需提 升业 务价 值，同 时利 用外 部资 源增 强竞争 力。